Association of Hypertension and Pulmonary Functions
Abstract
Association between cardiac dysfunction and abnormal pulmonary function has remained controversial since long. The objective of this study is to find out the association of hypertension and its severity on pulmonary functions. Study was conducted on 30 hypertensive (study group) and 30 non hypertensive (control group) subjects identified from Medical OPD of SMS Hospital, Jaipur. Pulmonary functions were assessed of both hypertensive (study group) and non hypertensive (control group) subjects by Medspiror). Among pulmonary function tests, difference in means of FVC, FEV1 PEFR, FEF25- 75%, MVV and FVC/ FEV1 were found less with significant difference in cases group with predominantly restrictive type of effects are observed. Female’s shows lower values than male hypertensive subjects. Furthermore, FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF25- 75%, MVV, FVC/ FEV1 were not found to be associated with severity of illness. An inverse relation is found between hypertension and pulmonary functions predominantly restrictive type of pattern. While non significant effects are observed with severity of illness.
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Introduction
Hypertension is an increasingly important public health challenge worldwide and it is one of the major causes for morbidity and mortality.1 Thus, the National High Blood Pressure Education Program reports that the global burden of hypertension is approximately 1 billion individuals and more than 7 million deaths per year may be attributable to hypertension2 . Moreover, hypertension has been linked to multiple other diseases including cardiac, cerebrovascular, renal and eye diseases3 . Beside the well-established association between hypertension and vascular co morbidities, several studies showed that blood pressure and lung function are associated4-9.. It could be demonstrated that higher forced vital capacity (FVC) is a negative predictor of developing hypertension7,8 . Moreover, some studies found an association between reduced pulmonary function, including both low FVC and low forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and hypertension.5,6,9 Engström et al4 found that the incidence of cardiovascular disease and death associated with hypertension is increased in the presence of reduced lung function.
Thus the association between cardiac dysfunction and abnormal pulmonary function has remained uncertain for years. The objective of this study is to find out the effect of hypertension and its severity on pulmonary functions.
Conclusion
An inverse relation is found between hypertension and pulmonary functions predominantly restrictive type of pattern. While non significant effects are observed with severity of illness and there is also less lung function capacities are observed in female hypertensive subjects. The study provides a convenient and efficient way to select the subjects at high risk of cardiovascular disease. So the pulmonary function testing may provide a measure of overall vigor and general health.