Profile and Seasonal distribution of Acute Gastroenteritis cases admitted in Isolation Disease Hospital: A Record base Analysis
Abstract
Acute Gastroenteritis is a public health problem in developing countries. So this record based study was conducted on Acute Gastroenteritis cases attended at Isolation disease Hospital (IDH) attached to SMS Medical college, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India. Total 1088 Acute Gastroenteritis cases were attended during 2018 at IDH. Out of that 563 (51.75%) were males and 525 (48.25%) were females with M:F ratio1.02 in favour of males. Majority of cases were in middle age group i.e. 57% cases in 21 to 50 years of age group. No significance difference was found in sex wise distribution of cases as per age. When seasonal variation of these cases were seen maximum cases were observed in summers and rainy season i.e. 68.11% from May to August with peak in May. So summer and rainy season had more cases of Acute Gastroenteritis.
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Introduction
Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, gastric flu, or stomach bug. It is inflammation of the lining of the intestines caused by a virus, bacteria or parasites.1 The symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and sometimes fever, lack of energy & dehydration may occur.2,3
Gastroenteritis is usually caused by viruses but some bacteria, parasites and fungi may also cause gastroentritis. 3.4 In children, Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe disease.5 In adults, Norovirus and Campylobacter are common causes.6,7 Another study conducted in the Lucknow8 also reported rotavirus as a major cause of acute diarrhoea in children aged two months to two years.
In 2015, there were two billion cases of gastroenteritis, resulting in 1.3 million deaths globally.9 Children and those in the developing world are most commonly affected.10
So this study was conducted on records of Acute Gastroenteritis cases attended at IDH of SMS Medical College, Jaipur in year 2018 with the aim to study the its epidemiological distribution and its seasonal variation.
Conclusion
Present study concludes that Majority of cases were in middle age group i.e. 57% cases in 21 to 50 years of age group with M:F ratio1.02 in favour of males. No significance difference was found in sex wise distribution of cases as per age. When seasonal variation of these cases were seen maximum cases were observed in summers and rainy season i.e. 68.11% from May to August with peak in May. So summer and rainy season had more cases of Acute Gastroenteritis.